The fauna is diverse with respect to Kyrgyzstan and heterogeneous in origin. The complexity of the geographical environment and the position at the junction of zoogeographic regions are the main factors in the formation of the fauna. The fauna of Kyrgyzstan has more than 500 species of vertebrate animals, including more than 50 species of fish, more than 25 species of reptiles, 335 species of birds, 4 species of amphibians, 86 species of mammals kopitayuschih. Invertebrate fauna has not been adequately studied, according to recent data, the republic is home to about four thousand integer Dov insects and mites.
Insects. In entomofauna Kyr mill for more than 60 species of dragonflies, 100 – bed bugs defenders, 6 – earwigs, 250 – cicadas, 140 – aphids, 120 – thrips, more than 86 species of ants, 163 – scarab, 27 – blister, 178 – Darkling, 75 – beetles, 15 – carpet beetle, 350 – leaf beetles, 40 – grains, 73 – weevils, 31 – beetles, 20 – pyltseedov, 150 – sawflies, 33 – bee, sire of over 200 feed, 27 – scoop, 40 – koktsinalid, 38 – Copeau PID 86 – butterflies, 140 – spider 56 – four-legged ticks. It should be especially arthropods vyde pouring out of the k-ryh many are bloodsuckers and vectors of disease and the human stomach GOVERNMENTAL: ticks – 28 species, argasovye – 7 gamazoidnye (including seeds and rinopes) – 180, itch – 3 trombikulidy – 19, head lice – 12, tongs – 5, Mallophaga – 120, fleas – 110, mosquitoes – 28, the mosquitoes – 12, mock matrix – 25, flies – 56, horseflies – 28, gadflies – 11, bedbugs – 1, louse – 5, midges – 21. By studying the biology and ecology of agricultural pests plant gardens and forests, entomologists country develop an integrated system of control, while reducing the use of chi nomic agents and giving preference to agro-technical and biological activi tiyam.
Fish. In Kyrgyzstan, there are more than 50 species of fish, including acclimatized. Nai more numerous carp. The main value of myslovoe in the country is Lake Issyk-Cal. Fishing are the rudd, chebachok, osman, Marina, carp. Over the last years the village has been some reduction in Ulo Island. In order to increase catch and reduce the number of weed populations of (gudgeon, minnow, trout), fish, ichthyologists of the republic imported from various places in the Lake Issyk-Cal Sevan and rainbow trout, perch, carp, tench, crucian carp, whitefish, etc. To increase the number of fishing valuable species of fish (trout and maculatus) in Issyk-Kehl built two fish plants: Ton (1964) and Karakolsky (1969). Valuable fish species promys lovymi intensely populated and other alpine lakes (Sonkel), as well as in dohranilischa (Ortho-Tokoi, Toktogul,: Kirov, etc.). Of the many species released into the lake GOVERNMENTAL Sonkel, and having a rich forage resources are well taken root vye peled. Especially in the early years of individuals of this species became Naib Lee prolific, with rapid growth, the increases were the size of the biomass up to 3 kg, well-fed intensity and density also reached a high exponent. The content of fish in the lake without the dynamics of aquatic organisms, extremely high density of peled dramatically undermined the population dynamics of aquatic organisms. As a result, Nedo sufficiency of food resources in the reservoir, done pletely peaceful fish peled was kanibalistom, ie began to eat their own larvae. In the development of fish farming are important valley of the ground Fish-r-us: in the south – Uzgen, in the north – and Ta Chui lasskaya Valley. In small ponds, oxbows, Kara-suu and rivers, particularly in the floodplain of the River Chu and other bodies of water are found carp, rudd, pike, Marina, catfish, barbel, the Ottomans. Almost everywhere they are associated with small weed fish.
The country also is special about the Aboriginal and imported fish, there are species-rye to come to n s accident. In particular, the Amur chebachok, idimo, entered the Chu valley from Kazakhstan. His birthplace eleotris – the water of the Far East.
Amphibia (amphibians). In Syrgyzstane live 4 species of amphibians: a toad, Helen, danatinskaya toad, frog central yuaziatskaya and the Frog lake. The Green Toad) bit in the lowlands (Chuy valley), i set contains 22 chromosomes, and danatinskaya toad – i mountainous areas (Issyk-Kelskaya boiler– ia, Internal Tenir Too), it has twice the encampment of the chromosomes (44). This species occurs in zsyudu, including high-syrty-up you: Ota 3500 m above sea level. Tsentralnoa-ziatskaya and lake frogs distributed in the northern ACT radichno. and the south. p-tries of the country. Central Asian frog found at altitudes up to 3500 m above sea level. Bies amphibole in Tenir Too live at altitudes of distinct, with the rise vertically from them regularly decreases biomass, to re-Paradise genetically determined. Localization and amphibian life at high altitudes is associated with a year round spring waters, diseases lochennymi sites. Glacial epoch left unforgettable impressions in the earth's aquatic life. Many amphibian populations you merles, some kind of greenhouse preserved by water. Especially hard hit first vertebrates emerged from water to land the medium Au – toad. Under the influence of low temperatures of the glacial epoch to save the toad population had again come back into the aquatic environment, but not in ordinary water, and in the spring, housing finance, where year-round water temperature on the positive. Secondary return of toads in the aquatic environment has significantly changed the logo of their physiological and biochemical status, as a result of new matter was, which is It is a completely mountain view – danatinskaya toad. The green toad that lives in the lowlands, is associated with water only during spawning, the rest of the time on me She leads a land life and overwinters in the burrows of rodents and in basements.
Amphibians are of great practical importance, destroying a large number ve harm teley fruit and grain crops, as well as ne renoschikov disease: slugs, mosquitoes, bridges whales, gadfly and other amphibians and their head sticks serve as food for fish and water and wetlands GOVERNMENTAL birds. It has long been the representatives of amphibians, in particular, the lake frog, biologists and physicians are used as guinea Mrs. BOTH.
Reptiles (reptile). In Kyrgyzstan, there bo than 25 species of reptiles. They live in different biocenoses. Among them are two species of poisonous snakes – Pallas copperhead snake and step Nye. Steppe viper lives, mainly rated in arid and semiarid biotseno Zech. Pallas copperhead is found in different biocenoses (3000-3200 m above sea level). Among reptile species there are, to-rye does not occur above 500 m, for example, netted toad. Inhabitants of the low heat of the desert and semi-FIR are: steppe tortoise, steppe agama, takyr toad, eastern boa, krasnopolosy toe and snakes grained, gray lizard. They toil not raised by more than 1200 m Along with the species – cosmopolitan living on low-lying plains (500 m) to high syrts (3000-3200 m), Pallas schitomord nickname, water snake, patterned snake, lizard rapid, boom The Snake, steppe viper, green gecko, zheltopuzik, multi-colored lizard, desert, and Alay. Among the rap tily is typical mountain species – a slum at high altitudes (1000-3200 m): Not Kola lizard, lizard eyed, Himalayan Yeah ma, sand lizard, snake and other striated reptiles are of great practical importance. They have a large number of agricultural pests've destroyed cultures and ne renoschikov diseases themselves, in turn, are food for certain commercial predators. The poison of reptiles used in the medical industry. At zoobaze in Bishkek from the venom of poisonous snakes (viper) goto vyat therapeutic drugs used with radiculitis, rheumatism and other diseases, and from the venom of copperhead – ing hemostatic tools. In the last 15-20 years throughout the country greatly reduced the number of reptiles. They have become very rare, endangered species and it is worth making almost all species in the Red Book. The main cause of extinction of reptiles nuclear explosion lyaetsya development of semi-desert and desert under the Agricultural culture. For the destructive action of their lives exist plowing and watering.
Birds. In Kyrgyzstan, home to 335 species of birds – almost half of the observed in the CIS. They (especially small passerine bird, to-ryh There are 144 species) in the mass: Number of destroying harmful to agriculture and small sekomyh invertebrates. Buzzards, owls, kestrels and other birds of prey in a large number ve eat rodents – Lei harm agricultural crop and disease vectors. In this regard, the activity is particularly useful vultures and crows, to-rye by eating the carcasses of dead animals, play the role of nurses during a live birth. One of the unique birds of Kyrgyzstan is the black grouse. Its distribution is bounded by forests fir Priysykkelya and Kemin. The reasons for the lack of it in other parts of the republic is still unclear. Due to the low number laziness and limited the spread of black grouse in Kyrgyzstan has no commercial value. The typical semi-desert and desert forms are bustard, bustard-dye weaving, little bustard, Pallas sand grouse, chernobryuhy Sandgrouse. Their number is reduced in the republic. In Issyk-Kehl, Kehl, Chater, Sonkele in different seasons in a large number ve found: mallard, gadwall, teal, pintail, gray goose, mountain goose, etc. Most of them are fishing birds and their nests. Of particular interest circumstance is Lake Issyk-Cal to-Roe is such a unique place for wintering birds such as pelicans, pink and curly-haired, mute swan, swan-cus Coon and gray goose.
It has long been the Kirghiz with great love syatsya relative to the birds of prey – golden eagle (b kyrgyzskoe